Right-Wing Nationalist Karol Nawrocki Wins Polish Presidential Election

2 June, 2025

Polish nationalist opposition candidate Karol Nawrocki has won the second round of Poland's presidential election with 50.89% of the vote. His victory is seen as a potential shift towards a more nationalist path for the country and a blow to the pro-European government's reform agenda. Nawrocki had received backing from former U.S. President Donald Trump.

Unpacked:

What powers does Poland’s president hold, and how might Nawrocki use them?

Poland’s president has mainly ceremonial duties but can veto legislation, appoint judges, and influence foreign policy. Nawrocki is expected to use his veto power to block the pro-European government’s reforms and potentially pursue a more nationalist agenda, affecting Poland’s stance on immigration and relations with the EU.

How did Nawrocki’s victory impact relations between Poland and the European Union?

Nawrocki’s win was met with caution by EU leaders, who urged continued cooperation. However, European right-wing figures celebrated the result as a setback for Brussels, raising concerns about future tensions over issues like rule of law, migration, and Poland’s EU commitments.

What role did the Law and Justice (PiS) party play in Nawrocki’s campaign and victory?

Nawrocki was backed by the nationalist-conservative Law and Justice (PiS) party. His victory marks a political comeback for PiS after losing the 2023 parliamentary elections, strengthening its influence and setting up a contentious relationship with the current centrist government.

How narrow was Nawrocki’s margin of victory, and who was his main opponent?

Nawrocki won by a very slim margin—50.89% of the vote—defeating Rafal Trzaskowski, the liberal mayor of Warsaw. This close result underscores deep divisions within Polish society on the country’s future direction.