Thailand and Cambodia Downgrade Diplomatic Ties Amid Deadly Border Clashes
Tensions between Thailand and Cambodia have escalated into deadly border clashes, resulting in at least one civilian death. Fighting erupted in multiple contested areas, with both sides accusing the other of firing first. In response to the violence and an earlier landmine incident that injured Thai soldiers, Cambodia has downgraded diplomatic relations, expelling the Thai ambassador. The escalating dispute, rooted in longstanding territorial claims, marks a sharp deterioration in relations between the Southeast Asian neighbours.
Unpacked:
The dispute centers on overlapping territorial claims, especially near ancient temples like Preah Vihear and in the 'Emerald Triangle' where Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos meet. Historical differences in border demarcation, conflicting maps, and nationalist sentiments have fueled recurring tensions and clashes.
Cambodia has expelled the Thai ambassador and downgraded diplomatic relations in response to the violence and earlier incidents. Thailand has increased military presence at border checkpoints and threatened economic measures, such as cutting electricity and internet services to Cambodia.
Cambodia has taken the dispute to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) multiple times, with some rulings in its favor, especially regarding the Preah Vihear Temple. However, Thailand often insists on resolving issues bilaterally and does not always accept the ICJ’s jurisdiction for other disputed areas.
Border clashes have caused civilian casualties, injuries (including children), and mass displacement. For example, during previous escalations, tens of thousands were displaced. The violence disrupts local communities and heightens tensions, with both sides blaming each other for civilian harm.